{"id":294,"date":"2025-04-16T23:57:38","date_gmt":"2025-04-16T23:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/?page_id=294"},"modified":"2025-04-17T00:57:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-17T00:57:37","slug":"design-process","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/design-process\/","title":{"rendered":"Design Process"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Selection <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Decision Matrices<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Temperature Sensor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temperature <\/strong>Sensor<\/strong><\/td>Temperature Range<\/td>Size<\/td>Cost<\/td>Accuracy<\/td>Total Score<\/td><\/tr>
DS18B20 Temperature Sensor<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>-55\u00b0C to +125\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>~1cm<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>$8.99<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>\u00b10.5\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>19\/20<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Thermocouple (Type K)<\/td>5\/5-200\u00b0C to +1260\u00b0C<\/td>4\/5~2cm <\/td>3\/5$20<\/td>3\/5\u00b12.2\u00b0C<\/td>15\/20<\/td><\/tr>
Non Continuous Patch <\/td>3\/50\u00b0C to 100\u00b0C<\/td>3\/5~3cm<\/td>4\/5$15<\/td>4\/5\u00b11.0\u00b0C<\/td>14\/20<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Microcontroller:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Electrical Components <\/strong><\/td>Speed<\/td>Digital Output<\/td>Analog and digital input(measure, temperature, torque)<\/td>Size<\/td>Cost<\/td>Compatibility with Sensors<\/td>Power Consumption<\/td>Total Score<\/td><\/tr>
NVIDIA Jetson Nano<\/td>4\/5<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Good GPIO, supports PWM control <\/td>4\/5 <\/strong>Good GPIO, supports sensor input<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>99.5mm x 79.5mm<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>$99-$129<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>(Good AI\/ML Sensor Support)<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>10-15W<\/td>26\/35<\/td><\/tr>
Raspberry Pi 4 Model B<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>4 x 1.5 GHz Cortex-A72<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Extensive GPIO, various protocol support<\/strong><\/td>5\/5 <\/strong>Extensive GPIO, various sensor protocols<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>85.6mm x 56.5mm<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>$35-$75<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>(Extensive GPIO, Multiple Protocols)<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>3-5W<\/strong><\/td>32\/35<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Arduino Mega 2560<\/td>3\/5<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Ample GPIO, PWM on several pins<\/td>3\/5 Limited advanced sensor integration<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>101.6mm x 53.3mm<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>$25-$40<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>(Limited Advanced Integration)<\/td>5\/5<\/strong>0.1-0.5W<\/td>25\/35<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Heating Component:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heating component<\/strong><\/td>Heating efficiency<\/td>Flexibility<\/td>Power consumption<\/td>Temperature control<\/td>Durability<\/td>Total<\/td><\/tr>
Silicone Heating Pads<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>High efficiency, even heat distribution<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Highly flexible, conforms to the shape of the brace<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Low to moderate power usage<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Precise control with built-in thermostats<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Very durable, long-lasting in various conditions<\/strong><\/td>24\/25<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Infrared Heating<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Fast warm-up, effective at heating targeted areas<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>Less flexible<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Low to moderate power usage<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>Less precise, but controllable through external thermostat<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Moderate durability<\/td>18\/25<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Gel Packs<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>Slow to heat but retains heat for longer periods<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Flexible, can be molded to the body (once heated)<\/td>5\/5<\/strong>No power required<\/td>2\/5<\/strong>Limited temperature control<\/td>3\/5<\/strong>Moderate tends to wear over time<\/td>17\/25<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Carbon Fiber Heating<\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Very high efficiency with quick heat-up<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Can be flexible if woven into fabrics<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Low to moderate power usage<\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Precise control<\/td>5\/5<\/strong>High durability<\/td>22\/25<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Insulation Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Insulation Material<\/strong><\/td>Thermal insulation<\/td>Comfort<\/td>Cost<\/td>Flexibility<\/td>Moisture Resistance<\/td>Total Score<\/td><\/tr>
Neoprene<\/td>4\/5Good thermal insulator<\/td>4\/5provides good support and cushioning<\/td>4\/5$10-$20 per yard<\/td>4\/5stiff compared to lighter fabrics<\/td>5\/5Highly resistant to water, water absorption < 1%<\/td>21\/25<\/td><\/tr>
Fleece<\/td>3\/5Provides warmth but not as effective as neoprene<\/td>5\/5Soft, lightweight, and highly comfortable<\/td>3\/5$15 – $30 per yard<\/td>5\/5flexible and soft, conforms to body easily<\/td>3\/5Moisture absorption ~ 7-10%<\/td>19\/25<\/td><\/tr>
Cotton<\/td>2\/5Poor insulator<\/td>4\/5Comfortable to wear but not ideal for active use<\/td>5\/5$1 – $3 per yard<\/td>3\/5Flexible but stiff when wet<\/td>2\/5Absorbs 18-20% moisture<\/td>16\/25<\/td><\/tr>
Fleece Lined Neoprene<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Desired insulation due to the combined qualities of neoprene and fleece<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Highly comfortable<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>$19.99 per yard<\/strong><\/td>4\/5<\/strong>Very flexible<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>Neoprene offers 0% water absorption, fleece adds comfort<\/strong><\/td>23\/25<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Motor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Motor<\/td>Weight<\/td>Torque <\/td>Length<\/td>Power <\/td>Steps: <\/td>Cost <\/td>Total Score<\/td><\/tr>
Servo 350 kg <\/td>0.55kg 5\/5<\/td>35 N*m10\/10<\/td>143 mm1\/5 <\/td>500 W 1\/5<\/td>0.424\/5<\/td>89.993\/5
<\/td>		24\/35<\/td><\/tr>
Nema 34 Stepper motor<\/td>3.65kg2\/5<\/td>8.5N*m3\/10<\/td>114 mm2\/5 <\/td>35.28 W3\/5<\/td>1.83\/5<\/td>74.994\/5<\/td>17\/35<\/td><\/tr>
Nema 17<\/td>0.0726kg5\/5<\/td>0.0395 N*m1\/10<\/td>27.94 mm5\/5 <\/td>1.8 W5\/5<\/td>1.83\/5<\/td>86.063\/5<\/td>22\/35<\/td><\/tr>
Cloudray Nema 34<\/td>3kg2\/5<\/td>6.5N*m2\/10<\/td>98 mm3\/5<\/td>9.94 W4\/5
 <\/td>		1.83\/5<\/td>405\/5<\/td>19\/35<\/td><\/tr>
Nema 23 Stepper Motor <\/strong><\/td>1.9 kg <\/strong>3\/5<\/strong><\/td>30 N*m<\/strong>9\/10<\/strong><\/td>76 mm<\/strong>4\/5<\/strong><\/td>14.1 W<\/strong>4\/5<\/strong><\/td>0.039<\/strong>5\/5<\/strong><\/td>61.31<\/strong>4\/5<\/strong><\/td>29\/35<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Material selection:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Material:<\/td>Tensile Strength:<\/td>Corrosion Resistance:<\/td>Density:<\/td>Fatigue Resistance:<\/td>Cost:<\/td>Total Score<\/td><\/tr>
Onyx with Carbon Fiber Reinforcement<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>90-120 MPa <\/strong>and <\/strong>500-1,500 MPa<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>1.6 g\/cm\u00b3<\/strong><\/td>5\/5<\/strong>50\u2013100 MPa<\/strong>and <\/strong>500\u20131,200 MPa<\/strong><\/td>3\/5 <\/strong><\/td>23\/25<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Aluminum Alloy 6061<\/td>3\/5240-310 MPa<\/td>3\/5Requires coating<\/td>4\/5 2.70 g\/cm3<\/sup><\/td>4\/5100-150 MPa<\/td>5\/5<\/td>19\/25   <\/td><\/tr>
Titanium <\/td>4\/5350 MPa<\/td>5\/5<\/td>3\/54.43 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>5\/5600-800 MPa<\/td>4\/5 <\/td> 21\/25 <\/td><\/tr>
Steel<\/td>4\/5400-550 MPa<\/td>1\/5 <\/td>3\/5 7.85 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>4\/5 150-300 MPa<\/td>5\/5 <\/td>17\/25<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Selection Decision Matrices Temperature Sensor: Temperature Sensor Temperature Range Size Cost Accuracy Total Score DS18B20 Temperature Sensor 4\/5-55\u00b0C to +125\u00b0C 5\/5~1cm 5\/5$8.99 5\/5\u00b10.5\u00b0C 19\/20 Thermocouple (Type K) 5\/5-200\u00b0C to +1260\u00b0C 4\/5~2cm  3\/5$20 3\/5\u00b12.2\u00b0C 15\/20 Non Continuous Patch  3\/50\u00b0C to 100\u00b0C 3\/5~3cm 4\/5$15 4\/5\u00b11.0\u00b0C 14\/20 Microcontroller: Electrical Components  Speed Digital Output Analog and digital input(measure, temperature, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":620,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-294","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/294","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/620"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=294"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/294\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/arthrorecover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=294"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}