As our project progressed, we realized that having a separate microcontroller for the motor control would be a good idea so that the Raspberry Pi can focus solely on the “thinking” side of the robot. We have decided to use an Arduino Uno R3 for this task. The Arduino doesn’t handle any mapping or decision-making, that all happens on the Raspberry Pi. Instead, the Arduino’s job is to take the movement commands coming from the Pi and turn them into real physical actions on the car. Together, the two boards work like a brain and a body: the Pi figures out what the robot should do, and the Arduino makes it actually happen. A more technical description of the Arduino can be found on the Design Choices page.