{"id":116,"date":"2020-04-01T16:56:46","date_gmt":"2020-04-01T16:56:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/?page_id=116"},"modified":"2020-04-01T19:56:28","modified_gmt":"2020-04-01T19:56:28","slug":"electrical-system","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/electrical-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Electrical System"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">System Overview<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"698\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/EAGLE_schematic-1024x698.png\" alt=\"Overview of electrical system using an EAGLE wiring diagram\" class=\"wp-image-117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/EAGLE_schematic-1024x698.png 1024w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/EAGLE_schematic-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/EAGLE_schematic-768x523.png 768w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/EAGLE_schematic.png 1123w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><figcaption>Eagle Wiring Diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p> The electrical design for TJT began at the system level. Using the electronic design automation software EAGLE, the team transformed a  high-level functional block diagram into an electrical schematic with discrete components and ICs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> The Arduino ATMEGA328PU IC model was taken directly from ArduinoUno open-source EDA files to accurately represent the microprocessor&#8217;s I\/O pins.<\/li><li> The second column of jumper pins represents off-board components<\/li><li>Created two custom components, VNH7070ASTR and TD62783APG <\/li><li>Pending the completion of the flexible hardware prototype (i.e.  protoboard or breadboard), the EAGLE schematic will be adapted to allow the realization of a prototype PCB <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Below, we will go through the electrical subsystems one by one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Arduino Uno <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/uno.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-133\" width=\"199\" height=\"185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/uno.png 492w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/uno-300x278.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 199px) 100vw, 199px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Function: <\/strong>As development progressed it became clear that the Arduino Nano did not have enough GPIO pins to support the project. The choice of MCU was easily changed to the more readily available Arduino Uno. It is also noted that with the Uno the design uses all but one of the analog and digital I\/O pins (Analog In 0 remains open).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Load Switch (TBD62783APG) <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-vertically-aligned-center\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"365\" height=\"204\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-120\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch.png 365w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch-300x168.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>PWR SWITCH N-CHAN 1:1 18DIP<\/li><li> Voltage \u2013 Load (Max) = 50V <\/li><li> Current Output (Max) = 500mA <\/li><li> Features: Clamp Diode for Switching Inductive Loads <\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Function:  <\/strong>Due to the relatively high power actuators used in the process control, the microprocessor is unable to drive loads. Therefore, a switching mechanism, controlled by the microprocessor, must connect and disconnect the loads from an external 12V power supply. All eight switches are used. If we were able to increase the number of load switches, the design would support more DC fans for improved airflow and component thermal regulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"293\" height=\"202\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch_DIP.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"121\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch_DIP.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/?attachment_id=121\" class=\"wp-image-121\"\/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\"> DIP-18 Package <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"365\" height=\"187\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch_schematic.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"122\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch_schematic.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/?attachment_id=122\" class=\"wp-image-122\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch_schematic.png 365w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/load_switch_schematic-300x154.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\"> TBD62783APG equivalent circuit  <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Flywheel Diodes (1N4001) <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"grid-template-columns:auto 15%\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"188\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/flywheel_diode.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-124\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Non-Repetitive Peak Forward Surge Current: 30A<\/li><li> Working Peak Reverse Voltage: 50V <\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/flywheel_schem-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-131\" width=\"250\" height=\"398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/flywheel_schem-2.png 287w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/flywheel_schem-2-188x300.png 188w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><figcaption>EAGLE Flywheel Diode Wiring Schematic<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Function: <\/strong>The actuators controlled by the microcontroller are responsible for controlling the device\u2019s process. These actuators, four electric solenoid valves, two diaphragm pumps, and two DC fans are inductive loads. As a precautionary measure, to prevent voltage spikes across the inductor from an interrupted power supply (i.e. flyback), designated flyback diodes have been placed at each of the inductive loads. Although the TBD62783APG IC includes inductive switching features, the diodes were included for redundancy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-default\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Bypass Capacitors <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"256\" height=\"457\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/bypass_switching_schem-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/bypass_switching_schem-1.png 256w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/bypass_switching_schem-1-168x300.png 168w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><figcaption>EAGLE Bypass Capacitor and Load Switch Wiring Schematic<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>8x 0.1 uF Ceramic Capacitors (Load Switch Output)<\/li><li> 8x 1uF Ceramic Capacitors (Load Switch Input) <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Function:<\/strong> Load switching produces a transient response in current and voltage waveforms throughout the system. To protect the system from rapid changes, bypass capacitors are used to produce a low pass filtering effect which removes high-frequency components from the transient response. These capacitors ensure smooth transitions. Capacitance values are taken from the TBD62783APG application notes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> LED User Interface (UI) <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td> UR502DCRed LED <\/td><td> G502DC Green LED <\/td><td> L-7113YT Yellow LED <\/td><\/tr><tr><td> Operating Forward Current: 20mA<br> Typical Luminous Intensity (@ If = 20mA): 800 mcd  <\/td><td> Operating Forward Current: 20mA<br>Typical Luminous Intensity (@ If = 20mA) : 120 mcd  <\/td><td> Operating Forward Current: 20mA Typical.<br> Luminous Intensity (@ If = 10mA): 40 mcd  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p> LEDs were chosen based on availability. Yellow and Green wired in series with 220 Ohm current limiting resistors. Red wired in series with  250  Ohm current limiting resistor (to reduce luminous intensity).  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide\" style=\"grid-template-columns:32% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"342\" height=\"465\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/LED_schem-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/LED_schem-2.png 342w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/LED_schem-2-221x300.png 221w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><strong>Function:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Serve as the primary user interface with the patient. <\/li><li>Red: Error\/End Treatment <\/li><li>Yellow: Treatment in Progress <\/li><li>Green: Ready\/Standby <\/li><li>Blinking Green: Pre-Heating <\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"305\" height=\"143\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/yellow_LED.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-129\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/yellow_LED.png 305w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/yellow_LED-300x141.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 305px) 100vw, 305px\" \/><figcaption>  L-7113YT Yellow LED Mechanical Properties<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Safety Switch Feedback Network<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/switch_wiring.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-134\" width=\"331\" height=\"263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/switch_wiring.png 526w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/switch_wiring-300x238.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><figcaption>EAGLE schematic for switch wiring <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>TL2205OABPBB <\/li><li>DPDT On-mom<\/li><li>Current Rating (DC): 100mA<\/li><li>Voltage Rating (DC): 30V<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Function: <\/strong>When the user chooses to end treatment, for any reason, emergency or otherwise, the DPDT manually grounds the input into the high current IC controller. There is a digital input connected to one of the input pins which compares the value outputted by the Uno to the value being read by the IC controller. If a discrepancy appears, the switch has been thrown and the DLC moves the device back to standby. In this situation, only one of the IC Controller\u2019s inputs must be sampled to detect the switch state due to the mechanical Double Pull Double Throw nature of the switch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Power Temperature Controller <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"410\" height=\"242\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/controller_app_schem.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/controller_app_schem.png 410w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/controller_app_schem-300x177.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 410px) 100vw, 410px\" \/><figcaption>  VNH7070ASTR application schematic <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>VNH7070ASTR Half Bridge (2) 16-SOIC Motor Driver<\/li><li>Current Output = 15A<\/li><li>Voltage Supply and Voltage Load = 4V \u2013 28V<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Function: <\/strong>This IC acts as the load switch for the high power heating array and Peltier module (~6.5A typical). Normally used for motor control in an H-Bridge configuration, the IC includes a PWM speed control signal. However, upon inspection of the datasheet, it became clear that the PWM speed control relied on a range of frequencies (0-20kHz) rather than true pulse width modulation. For the Arduino Uno, the only frequency of PWM available is at discrete values (490Hz or 980Hz). The method for speed control used in the IC is to connect the PWM signal into the gate of the low-side transistors of the H-bridge. As the switching frequency increases, the more power is diverted away from the output to ground. To overcome this issue, the heating array and Peltier units will be operated using an on-off control scheme, omitting PWM control in favor of direct microprocessor control over the two input pins. It is possible to control both modules independently by operating the IC in a half-bridge configuration. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"210\" height=\"171\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/app_note_half.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"137\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/app_note_half.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/?attachment_id=137\" class=\"wp-image-137\"\/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Half Bridge IC Operation<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"317\" height=\"182\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/soic.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"138\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/soic.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/?attachment_id=138\" class=\"wp-image-138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/soic.png 317w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/soic-300x172.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 317px) 100vw, 317px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\"> <br> <br> SOIC-16 Package<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"518\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/vnh.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/vnh.png 518w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/vnh-300x136.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px\" \/><figcaption><br> EAGLE VNH7070ASTR Wiring Schematic <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Power Management <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right\" style=\"grid-template-columns:auto 17%\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"186\" height=\"143\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/lm.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-141\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>LM7812CT\/NOPB<\/li><li>Linear Voltage Regulator<\/li><li>Output Voltage: 12V<\/li><li>Output Current: 1A<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right\" style=\"grid-template-columns:auto 16%\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"159\" height=\"142\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/spst.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-140\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Technical Specifications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SPST Rocker Switch<\/li><li>Current Rating (AC) = 20A<\/li><li>Voltage Rating (AC) = 125V<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide\" style=\"grid-template-columns:17% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"169\" height=\"457\" src=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/arduino_power_management-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-143\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/arduino_power_management-1.png 169w, https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/120\/2020\/04\/arduino_power_management-1-111x300.png 111w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 169px) 100vw, 169px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"> <strong>Function: <\/strong>The power management system for the Arduino Uno consists primarily of an on\/off SPST rocker switch in series with a 12V linear voltage regulator which is regulating the power coming from the supply bus. The voltage regulator is a precautionary measure to ensure that during load switching the microprocessor sees no change in input voltage. The regulator will be attached to a small heat sink and cooled appropriately. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Component Verification<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>While device construction is delayed by TCNJ&#8217;s COVID-19 Policies (see h<a href=\"https:\/\/emergency.tcnj.edu\/covid-19\/\">ttps:\/\/emergency.tcnj.edu\/covid-19\/<\/a> ) the documentation of the design project is being refined. Please check back in a few days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Updated 4\/1\/2020<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>System Overview The electrical design for TJT began at the system level. Using the electronic design automation software EAGLE, the team transformed a high-level functional block diagram into an electrical schematic with discrete components and ICs. The Arduino ATMEGA328PU IC model was taken directly from ArduinoUno open-source EDA files to accurately represent the microprocessor&#8217;s I\/O &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/electrical-system\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Electrical System&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":194,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-116","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/194"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/engprojects.tcnj.edu\/tjt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}